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Vitamins and Minerals Health GuideVitamin CholineCholine is a component of lecithin, sphingomyelin, acetylcholine and other phospholipids. It can be easily synthesized in human body from the amino acid methionine, first to ethanolamine to form Choline through transmethylation with the aid of vitamin B12 and Folic Acid.Choline is considered as a member of the Vitamin B family. It is a colourless, crystalline compound, easily soluble in water and alcohol. It gets decomposed on boiling. It is absorbed form the intestine and excreted through the urine. Functions of Choline in Our Body • It helps in the synthesis of phosphatides in the liver and to a lesser extent in other tissues. Thus choline plays a lipotropic action by preventing the deposition of fats and accelerates the rate of removal of fat from the liver and various other tissues. • It is required for synthesis of lecithin, sphingomyclin, acetylcholine, which are compounds of immense physicological importance. • It helps brain cells to produce a chemical that aids memory. • It is given in diet to lower animals, especially when methionine supply is low, to promote growth, mobilization of fat and physiological processes in them. Natural Sources of Choline The Choline is found in abundance in butter, egg-yolk, and nervous tissue. Choline Deficiency • Since choline is equally required by lower animals, and not synthesized in their body, the deficiency is reflected in them only through fatty liver, haemorrhagic necrosis in kidneys, anaemia, and hypoproteinemia. • However the prolonged deficiency of Choline in us can have symptoms of fatty degeneration and cirrhosis of liver atherosclerosis, and raised blood pressure.
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