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Vitamins and Minerals Health GuideVitamin B12 (CYANOCOBALAMIN)Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the synthesis of nucleic acid. Deficiency of it causes a disturbance of the DNA metabolism. This vitamin helps in connection with the formation methyl groups and in the reactions of transmethylation as in the biosynthesis of methionine.Vitamin B12 cooperates with folate in the synthesis of DNA so deficiency of either leads to megaloblastosis. Vitamin B12 has a separate biochemical role, unrelated to folate, in synthesis of fatty acids in myelin. Functions of Vitamin B12 in Our Body • It participates in various reactions in metabolism of fat, protein, and carbohydrates. • It helps in increasing appetite and promoting growth in children. • It is essential for regenerating and forming of red blood cells, nerve tissues. • It is stored in the liver, from where it passes to the bone-marrow and helps in the maturation of red cells. It is thus essential for formation and maturation of red cells. • It works as a general tonic for the aged persons. • It facilitates concentration, balance, memory, and disease fighting. • It increases the white cell count and the platelets through its action in the bone-narrow. It plays an essential role in the synthesis of nucleic acid. • It maintains normal health and activity of certain parts of the nervous system, by curing pernicious anaemia. • It influences the formation of lipid from carbohydrate. Natural Sources of Vitamin B12 Important sources of Vitamin B12 are milk, eggs, liver and meat. Daily Requirement of Vitamin B12 The recommended daily intake for Vitamin B12 is 1 mcg for adults and 0.2 mcg for children. Vegetarians need to increase the intake of milk or take Vitamin B12 as a supplement. Vitamin B12 Deficiency • Its deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, pernicious (destructive) anemia, demyelinating neurological lesions, infertility. • Its deficiency affects nervous system and often leads to lack of proper growth, inflammation of tongue, fatigue syndronme and anemic conditions. • Its deficiency is felt severally in the blood forming tissues of bone marrow and intestinal tract. • Its deficiency causes hyperglycaemia, mucosal atrophy and inflammation of tongue, mouth, etc, degenerative lesions of the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord.
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